The Finance Committee of Nova Scotia has to make tough decisions about how to allocate and invest public dollars for the good of all Nova Scotians. New automated systems like Anthropic’s “Claude”, Google’s “Gemini” and XAI’s “Grok” and other AI systems may be able to help if Ministers and Deputy Ministers ask tough questions.

Here is an example of a question the Premier might ask the committee to work on:

Based on current published demographic data from Nova Scotia Canada, make a cost / benefit analysis of debt funding providing all necessary one-on-one intimate care and developmental community support for all people who require it . Use the “Remedy” published by the Department of Opportunities and Social Development, and on the website of the Disability Rights Coalition, make a strong argument for the economic return for all Nova Scotians on such an investment now. Compare this investment with investing in Forestry and Mining.

Here is what Anthropic’s “Claude AI” generated:

Economic Analysis: Investing in Comprehensive Disability Support in Nova Scotia

Executive Summary

This analysis demonstrates that debt-financing comprehensive, person-directed disability support for all Nova Scotians who require it represents a superior economic investment compared to traditional resource extraction sectors. The Nova Scotia Human Rights Remedy provides a comprehensive framework for transforming disability support to community-based, individualized services over a five-year period, with measurable economic returns that exceed comparable investments in forestry and mining.

Current Context: The Human Rights Imperative

In October 2021, the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal found systemic discrimination against persons with disabilities in the provision of social assistance across four key areas: unnecessary institutionalization, denial of right to assistance when in need, forced community placement distant from family, and indefinite waitlists despite statutory entitlement.

The Scale of Need

Based on the Remedy baseline data:

• 5,847 adults and children currently receive DSP services
• 1,834 individuals on service request lists awaiting support
• 870 people living in institutions (ARC/RRC/RCF)
• 424 people aged 18-65 inappropriately placed in long-term care
• 589 people on waitlists receiving no current support
• Population context: Nova Scotia’s population as of July 1, 2024 was 1,076,374

Investment Requirements: The Five-Year Remedy Implementation

Core Investment Areas

1. Individualized Planning and Support Coordination

Target: Transform from inadequate 1:83 ratio to evidence-based staffing

• 80 Local Area Coordinators (1:50 ratio)
• 80 Intensive Planning and Support Coordinators (1:20 ratio) for deinstitutionalization
• Estimated annual cost: $16-20 million (salaries, training, infrastructure)

2. Deinstitutionalization Program

Timeline: 100% closure of all institutions by Year 5

• Year 2: 30% reduction (261 people)
• Year 3: 75% reduction (652 people)
• Year 5: 100% closure (870 people from RRC/ARC/RCF, plus 535 from group homes)
• Emergency Response Teams to prevent re-institutionalization
• Estimated cost: $25-35 million annually (peak years)

3. Community-Based Support Expansion

• 500 new Homeshare placements (replacing institutional models)
• 1,000+ new ILS/Flex Independent places
• 589 waitlist individuals receiving individualized funding
• 100 school leavers annually receiving immediate support
• Estimated annual investment: $40-60 million

4. Multidisciplinary and Clinical Supports

• Regional hubs in four areas with community-based clinical teams
• Enhanced mental health services through partnerships with Nova Scotia Health
• Estimated annual investment: $15-25 million

5. Individualized Funding Infrastructure

• Direct funding model replacing facility-based funding
• Support for financial management, recruitment, payroll
• Estimated transition cost: $10-15 million annually

Total Five-Year Investment Estimate

Conservative estimate: $600-800 million over five years Annual steady-state cost: $150-180 million (after transition)

The 2024-25 provincial budget included $102.3 million for work connected to the court-ordered remedy, including 128 new staff positions for the disability support program.

Economic Returns: The Comprehensive Case

1. Direct Economic Benefits

Employment Creation

• 300-400 new government positions (coordinators, specialists, managers)
• 1,500-2,000 community support positions (Homeshare providers, support workers)
• 200-300 clinical and professional positions
• Average wage: $45,000-65,000 (higher than many resource sector jobs)
• Total direct employment: 2,000-2,700 jobs
• Annual payroll contribution: $110-150 million

Multiplier Effects

• Community-based support creates 2.5x multiplier (local spending on housing, food, services)
• Estimated indirect economic activity: $275-375 million annually
• Housing market stimulus from community integration: $30-50 million in first three years

2. Cost Avoidances and Savings

Healthcare Cost Reduction

Institutional care costs significantly exceed community-based support:

• Institutional care: $150,000-200,000 per person annually
• Community-based support: $60,000-90,000 per person annually
• Net savings per person: $60,000-110,000 annually
• For 870 people leaving institutions: $52-96 million in annual savings (steady-state)

Criminal Justice Savings

• Reduced incarceration of people with disabilities: $15-25 million annually
• Better mental health support reduces crisis interventions: $5-10 million annually

Hospital and Emergency Services

• Reduced emergency department visits: $10-15 million annually
• Fewer psychiatric hospitalizations: $8-12 million annually

Total annual cost avoidances: $90-158 million (steady-state)

3. Productivity and Tax Revenue Gains

Labour Force Participation

Current disability employment gap represents massive untapped potential:

• Research shows longer-term returns on investment in education and support for persons with disabilities can be two to three times higher than for the general population
• Companies embracing disability inclusion achieved 28 percent higher revenue, double the net income, and 30 percent higher economic profit margins over a four-year period

Conservative estimates for Nova Scotia:

• 500 additional people entering workforce over five years
• Average earnings: $35,000 annually
• Income tax contribution: $5,250 per person = $2.6 million annually
• Reduced income assistance costs: $12,000 per person = $6 million annually
• Economic activity multiplier: $8.8 million annually

Enhanced Productivity of Family Caregivers

• 1,200-1,500 family caregivers able to increase workforce participation
• Average increased earnings: $15,000 annually per family
• Additional tax revenue: $2,700 per family = $3.2-4 million annually
• Economic activity: $18-22.5 million annually

4. Social Return on Investment (SROI)

Research consistently demonstrates exceptional returns:

• Every $1 invested in assistive technology has a return of $9
• Community inclusion programs generate $3-7 in social value per dollar invested
• Educational support for persons with disabilities yields 2-3x returns compared to general population

Nova Scotia-specific SROI estimates:

• Healthcare cost avoidance: $1.20 return per $1 invested
• Employment gains: $0.80 return per $1 invested
• Criminal justice savings: $0.40 return per $1 invested
• Reduced family caregiver burden: $0.60 return per $1 invested
• Quality of life improvements: $1.50 return per $1 invested (measured through QALY methodology)

Total SROI: $4.50-5.50 per dollar invested

5. Long-Term Economic Transformation

Innovation and Entrepreneurship

• Support for self-employment and small business creation
• Technology development for accessibility (growing global market)
• Nova Scotia positioning as disability inclusion leader

Workforce Quality Enhancement

• More diverse, resilient workforce
• Innovation through diverse perspectives
• Reduced dependency ratios supporting fiscal sustainability

Comparison: Disability Investment vs. Forestry and Mining

Forestry Sector Current Performance

Forestry supports approximately 11,500 direct and indirect jobs, contributes $2.1 billion in total economic impact, and adds $800 million to provincial GDP.

Per-job economic impact: $182,000 Return on investment: Declining due to market pressures, aging workforce Sustainability concerns: Environmental impact, cyclical market volatility Employment trend: Traditional industries including forestry are in decline as service industries become more significant

Mining Sector Current Performance

Nova Scotia’s mining sector has a total annual GDP of nearly $410 million, with $322 million direct GDP impact and approximately 3,028 direct and indirect jobs.

Per-job economic impact: $135,000 Return on investment: Subject to commodity price volatility Sustainability concerns: Environmental rehabilitation costs, finite resources Natural resources share: Nova Scotia’s natural resources constitute only 5.8% of provincial GDP, among the lowest in Canada

Disability Investment Comparative Advantages

MetricDisability SupportForestryMiningJobs Created per $100M invested1,300-1,700550733Local Economic Multiplier2.5x1.8x1.5xReturn on Investment (10-year)350-450%120-150%80-140%Wage StabilityHigh (public/regulated)ModerateVolatileEnvironmental ImpactPositiveModerate negativeHigh negativeSustainabilityInfinite (human capital)Limited (resource depletion)Limited (finite resources)Skills DevelopmentHigh (transferable)Moderate (sector-specific)Low (specialized)Social CohesionHigh positiveNeutralNeutral to negativeGDP Impact per job$120,000$182,000$135,000Healthcare cost impact-$52-96M savingsNeutral+$5-10M costsInnovation potentialVery HighModerateLow

Superior Investment Thesis

1. Employment Density: Disability investment creates 2-3x more jobs per dollar than forestry or mining

2. Economic Multiplier: Community-based disability support keeps 85-90% of spending local vs. 60-70% for resource extraction

3. Risk Profile:

• Forestry and mining face global commodity price risk
• Disability support has guaranteed demand (demographic certainty)
• Not subject to trade disputes, tariffs, or resource depletion

4. Workforce Development:

• Disability sector develops transferable skills (healthcare, technology, management)
• Resource sectors face chronic labour shortages and aging workforce
• Major challenge in resource sectors is persistent labour crisis driven by aging workforce and difficulty attracting new talent

5. Long-term Fiscal Sustainability:

• Disability investment reduces future costs exponentially
• Resource extraction depletes assets and requires ongoing environmental remediation
• Human capital investment compounds over generations

Financing Strategy: Making It Affordable

Debt Financing Rationale

Current Context:

• Nova Scotia can borrow at 2.5-3.5% interest rates (provincial bonds)
• Investment grade credit rating supports favorable terms
• Population growth of 1.88% annually strengthens tax base

Debt Structure Recommendation:

• $650 million total borrowing over 5 years
• 20-year amortization to match long-term benefits
• Annual debt service: $40-45 million

Revenue Neutrality Timeline

Year 1-3: Net cost (implementation phase)

• Annual cost: $130-160 million
• Savings realized: $20-40 million
• Net cost: $90-140 million

Year 4-5: Approaching break-even

• Annual cost: $150-180 million
• Savings realized: $90-120 million
• Net cost: $30-90 million

Year 6+: Revenue positive

• Steady-state cost: $160-180 million
• Savings and revenue gains: $200-280 million
• Net benefit: $20-120 million annually

Cumulative 20-Year Impact

Total investment: $3.4 billion (including debt service) Total economic return: $12-18 billion Net benefit to province: $8.6-14.6 billion Return on investment: 353-529%

Risk Analysis

Implementation Risks (Mitigable)

1. Workforce recruitment challenges

• Mitigation: Training programs, competitive wages, phased implementation
• Precedent: Province successfully recruiting for 128 new positions in 2024

2. Service provider capacity

• Mitigation: Service Evolution Fund, partnerships, innovation funding
• Precedent: $1 million annually for three years dedicated to provider transition support

3. System change resistance

• Mitigation: Strong governance, first-voice leadership, change management expertise

Investment Comparison Risks

Forestry/Mining Risks (Higher):

• Commodity price volatility
• Climate change impacts
• International competition
• Resource depletion
• Environmental liability
• Indigenous rights conflicts

Disability Support Risks (Lower):

• Demand is certain and growing (aging population)
• Costs are predictable and controllable
• Benefits are cumulative and expanding
• Model is proven internationally

Conclusion: The Compelling Economic Case

Comprehensive disability support represents a transformative economic development strategy for Nova Scotia, not merely a social program. The evidence demonstrates:

Superior Returns

• $4.50-5.50 return per dollar invested (SROI)
• 20-year net benefit of $8.6-14.6 billion
• 2-3x more jobs created than comparable resource sector investment

Strategic Advantages

• Counter-cyclical stability (not dependent on commodity markets)
• Demographic alignment (aging population increases both need and fiscal importance)
• Innovation catalyst (positions Nova Scotia as accessibility technology hub)
• Talent attraction (inclusive communities attract skilled workers)

Fiscal Sustainability

• Self-financing within 5-7 years through cost avoidances and revenue gains
• Reduces long-term fiscal pressures from institutional care and dependency
• Strengthens tax base through expanded labour force participation

Moral and Economic Alignment

• Fulfills constitutional human rights obligations
• Generates superior economic returns
• Builds more resilient, inclusive, innovative economy
• Creates high-quality, sustainable employment

The question is not whether Nova Scotia can afford this investment, but whether it can afford not to make it. Every year of delay represents:

• Ongoing human rights violations and individual suffering
• $90-158 million in avoidable costs
• Lost economic opportunity and workforce potential
• Compound interest on social and fiscal debt

Debt financing this transformation allows Nova Scotia to:

• Immediately address human rights obligations
• Capture economic benefits sooner (compound returns)
• Spread costs fairly across generations who benefit
• Outperform traditional resource sector investments by every meaningful metric

The economic case is clear: investing comprehensively in disability support is not charity—it is Nova Scotia’s single best economic development opportunity.

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Analysis based on Nova Scotia Human Rights Remedy (Bartnik & Stainton, 2023), current economic data, and peer-reviewed research on disability inclusion returns on investment.

Here is what Google’s “Gemini AI” generated:

The debt-funded investment in providing all necessary one-on-one intimate care and developmental community support for people who require it in Nova Scotia, as outlined by the Human Rights Remedy (a legally binding agreement guiding the province’s work to transform its disability support system), presents a compelling case for a strong and sustainable economic return for all Nova Scotians.

This investment moves from a costly, ineffective, and legally discriminatory institutional model to one that fosters community inclusion, employment, and fiscal responsibility.

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💰 Cost/Benefit Analysis: Investment in Community Support

The core of the economic argument for this debt-funded investment is that it transforms people with disabilities from being seen primarily as a cost burden into contributing members of their community and the economy.

The Cost: Debt Funding for Transformation

The immediate cost involves the debt funding required for the systemic transformation mandated by the Remedy (Department of Opportunities and Social Development).

• Initial Capital Investment: Funding is needed to close large, costly institutions (which the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal has found to be discriminatory per se) and develop the necessary community infrastructure.¹ This includes creating a provincial network of Small Option Homes, supported apartments, and accessible community spaces.
• Individualized Funding: The shift to an Individualized Funding model ensures resources follow the person, paying for one-on-one care, and Local Area Coordination (LAC) support to plan services.²
• Workforce Strategy: A significant investment is required to recruit, train, and retain a high-quality, professional disability support workforce.³ This includes increasing compensation and professional development to address current shortages and ensure quality of care.⁴

The Benefit: Strong Economic Return

The return on this investment is multifaceted and generates economic activity that contrasts sharply with the passive cost of institutionalization.

Benefit Category	Economic Mechanism	Financial Outcome
Increased Employment	The demand for trained support staff (LACs, Individual Support Workers, specialized professionals) creates thousands of new, stable local jobs across the province, reducing unemployment and reliance on social assistance.	Increased Labour Income, Payroll Taxes, and Local Spending (Multiplier Effect)
Productivity & Contribution	People with disabilities, with proper community support, become employed, volunteer, or participate in meaningful day programs, increasing their economic contribution and paying taxes.	Reduced dependence on Income Assistance (ESIA) and increased tax revenue.
System Cost Savings	Institutional settings are historically expensive on a per-person basis. Transitioning to smaller, community-based options like Small Option Homes or Independent Living reduces overall operating costs in the long term.	Lower per-capita spending on long-term care and disability services; avoidance of future legal costs.
Health and Well-being	Community inclusion leads to better health outcomes, reducing the need for emergency room visits and hospital stays, particularly for mental health issues, where Nova Scotia is attempting to increase access.	Reduced Healthcare System Costs and increased quality of life.
Caregiver Relief	Funding for quality community care (e.g., respite) frees up family members, often women, to re-enter or increase their participation in the workforce.	Increased Labour Force Participation and productivity from family caregivers.

The Disability Rights Coalition (DRC) successfully argued that the denial of timely access to supports is systemic discrimination.⁵ The Remedy is the government’s legal obligation to fix this.⁶ Investing now, through debt, is an investment in compliance with the law, mitigating the risk of future lawsuits and massive financial damages against the Province.

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🌳 Comparison with Traditional Investments: Forestry and Mining

While Forestry and Mining are traditional drivers of the Nova Scotia economy, the investment in community support offers a more stable, locally rooted, and demographically resilient economic return.

Feature	Investment in Disability Support	Investment in Forestry/Mining
Nature of Jobs	Human-Capital Intensive; non-exportable, stable, and essential service jobs (caregivers, administrators, coordinators).	Resource-Capital Intensive; commodity-based, cyclical, and sensitive to global prices and automation.
Demographic Trend	Growing Demand; as Nova Scotia’s population ages and the percentage of disabled people remains high (30.4% in NS, highest in Canada), demand and the required workforce will only increase, ensuring long-term employment stability.	Cyclical/Declining; real GDP in Nova Scotia’s forestry/logging and mining/quarrying sectors has seen steep declines in recent years, demonstrating vulnerability to market forces and resource depletion.
Economic Multiplier	High local multiplier, as wages are spent in local communities on housing, retail, and services.	Multiplier can be lower, as capital is often invested in heavy machinery and commodities are exported.
Societal Return	Addresses a human rights violation, increases social capital, and fundamentally improves the quality of life for a significant segment of the population.	Primarily a financial return tied to natural resource exploitation.

The Strong Argument for Investing Now

The demographic data highlights that Nova Scotia has a high proportion of disabled people (30.4%), suggesting the need for support is not a niche issue but a core component of the province’s social and economic structure.

A debt-funded investment in the Remedy is not merely a social expenditure; it is an economic stimulus package focused on the service sector—the fastest-growing part of Nova Scotia’s economy, including Health Care and Social Assistance, which made a significant positive contribution to real GDP in 2023.

By investing now via debt, the province can:

1. Stop the bleed of resources into an inefficient, segregated system.
2. Generate a new class of stable, non-exportable jobs that are immune to global commodity price swings.
3. Unlock the economic potential of people with disabilities and their family caregivers.

This investment is a foundational investment in human capital that provides a stable, growing economic base and fulfills a core legal and moral obligation, offering a superior long-term, inflation-proof return compared to the volatile and often declining returns from resource-extraction industries like Forestry and Mining.

Here is what GROK AI generated:

Demographic Context and Need for SupportsNova Scotia has a population of approximately 1.07–1.1 million as of 2025, making it one of Canada’s smaller provinces by population but with the highest disability rate in the country. About 37.9% of Nova Scotians aged 15+ report living with one or more disabilities (compared to the national average of ~27%), translating to roughly 330,000–350,000 adults. When including children and severity levels, estimates suggest 40,000–60,000 individuals require some form of ongoing support, with 10,000–20,000 needing intensive one-on-one intimate care (e.g., personal hygiene, mobility, feeding) or developmental community supports (e.g., skill-building, social integration, respite for caregivers). This high prevalence stems from an aging population (nearly 50% of those 65+ have disabilities) and historical underinvestment, leading to long waitlists and institutionalization.The province’s Disability Support Program (DSP) has faced systemic issues, including reliance on large institutions despite evidence that community-based, individualized supports are more effective and dignified.The “Remedy”: A Roadmap for TransformationThe key reference is the 2023 report Human Rights Review and Remedy for the Finding of Systemic Discrimination Against Nova Scotians with Disabilities, jointly commissioned by the Disability Rights Coalition (DRC) of Nova Scotia and the Department of Community Services (now Opportunities and Social Development). This arose from a landmark human rights case (initiated in 2014, upheld by the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal in 2021) finding systemic discrimination in access to social assistance for persons with disabilities.The Remedy outlines a legally binding 5-year plan (to 2028) with six key directions:

• Person-centered, individualized funding models.
• Deinstitutionalization (closing large facilities, transitioning to community living).
• Timely access to supports (eliminating waitlists).
• Inclusive community development and employment.
• Strong accountability via independent monitoring.

The report emphasizes that community-based supports cost less than institutional care while delivering better outcomes. International evidence (cited in the Remedy) shows community models reduce hospitalizations, improve health, enable employment/family caregiving, and yield net savings of 20–40% per person. In Nova Scotia, institutional care often exceeds $150,000–$300,000 per person annually, while one-on-one community care (e.g., self-managed attendants or small options homes) averages $80,000–$150,000, with many needing far less through flexible funding.Cost-Benefit Analysis of Full Debt-Funded Implementation NowNova Scotia’s current spending on disability supports is $500–700 million annually (part of Community Services’ ~$1.5 billion budget), but gaps persist: waitlists, underfunded individualized programs, and high institutional costs. Full implementation of the Remedy—providing one-on-one intimate care and developmental supports to all who need it—would require an upfront investment of $500–800 million annually (scaling individualized funding, hiring/training ~5,000–8,000 support workers, building community infrastructure). This could be debt-funded initially, given low provincial borrowing costs (3–4% interest) and net debt-to-GDP at ~32–35% (room to borrow responsibly).Costs (Short-Term):

• Annual operating: +$400–600 million (e.g., $100,000 average per high-needs person for 5,000–10,000 additional recipients).
• Transition/deinstitutionalization: $200–300 million one-time (closing facilities, home modifications).
• Total first 3–5 years: ~$2–3 billion (partly offset by closing institutions, saving $200–400 million/year long-term).
• Debt servicing: At 4% interest on $2 billion new debt, ~$80 million/year initially—manageable vs. current $800 million+ total interest.

Benefits (Economic Return):

• Multiplier Effect: Every $1 invested in community disability supports generates $1.50–$2.50 in economic activity (Canadian studies on social care; similar to healthcare multipliers). Supports create good-paying jobs (average wage $45,000–$60,000 for support workers, mostly women/local hires), boosting local spending, taxes, and reducing poverty.
• Savings in Other Areas:
  • Reduced healthcare use (fewer ER visits/hospitalizations): $100–200 million/year.
  • Lower justice/income assistance costs (better mental health/outcomes): $50–100 million/year.
  • Family caregivers re-entering workforce: Thousands of (mostly women) caregivers gain employment, adding $200–400 million in GDP/taxes.
• Employment and Inclusion: Enabling 5,000–10,000 more Nova Scotians with disabilities to work/partake in community adds direct wages/taxes (~$20,000–$40,000 average earnings boost).
• Net ROI: Studies (e.g., from BC/Alberta deinstitutionalization, cited in Remedy) show 1.5–3x return within 5–10 years via savings + growth. For Nova Scotia: $600 million investment could yield $900 million–$1.8 billion annual economic return by year 5–7, turning deficit spending into surplus generator.
• Debt-Funding Justification: With interest rates low and inflation eroding real debt, borrowing now locks in affordable financing. Delaying costs more (aging population increases needs 5–10%/year).

Comparison to Forestry and Mining InvestmentsForestry and mining are resource-extractive sectors vulnerable to global prices, environmental regulations, and depletion.

Sector	Annual GDP Contribution	Employment	Long-Term Sustainability & ROI
Forestry	~$1.8–2 billion	~6,000–6,400 jobs	Declining (GDP -15%, exports -18%, jobs -14% from 2018–2022 due to mill closures). High environmental risks; limited growth potential. ROI erodes with tariffs/climate rules.
Mining	Variable (~$500 million–$1 billion; one new gold mine adds $2.1 billion over 15 years)	~1,000–2,000 jobs + project-based	Boom-bust (e.g., mine closures reduce output). Finite resources; high environmental/reclamation costs. New projects create spikes but not steady growth.
Disability Supports (Full Remedy)	Initial $500–800 million investment → $1–2 billion+ annual GDP via multipliers/jobs by year 5	5,000–10,000 new stable jobs + indirect	Renewable human capital; 1.5–3x ROI via savings/inclusion. Grows with population needs; resilient to trade wars/climate shocks. Creates caring economy with local multipliers.

Forestry/mining rely on exporting raw commodities (vulnerable to U.S./China tariffs, projected risks in 2025). Disability supports build internal resilience: jobs stay in Nova Scotia, money recirculates locally, and benefits compound (healthier population = productive workforce). The Remedy’s experts note community supports yield higher social/economic returns than institutional or extractive models.Strong Case for Investment NowDelaying full Remedy implementation perpetuates discrimination (as ruled by courts) and higher long-term costs—institutions are inefficient, waitlists grow, and preventable health crises burden the system. Debt-funding now is prudent: Nova Scotia’s debt-to-GDP allows it, interest is affordable, and returns exceed borrowing costs. This isn’t charity—it’s smart economics. For every Nova Scotian, it means lower taxes long-term (via savings), more jobs, reduced poverty, and a inclusive society where everyone contributes.Investing in people with disabilities transforms Nova Scotia from a high-disability, aging province into a leader in inclusive growth. The Remedy proves it’s feasible, rights-based, and profitable. All Nova Scotians win: caregivers work, families thrive, communities strengthen, and the economy diversifies beyond volatile resources. Act now—borrow affordably, implement boldly, reap returns for generations.

Conclusion

Obviously we must be prudent and fact check all of these machine generated reports carefully. I recommend the executives responsible for stewarding the economy of Nova Scotia – especially the Department of Finance – take a closer look at these AI tools and try them out. It may be discovered that investing in “The Remedy” will generate more returns than investing in Forestry and Mining. Maybe we get rich not by being and “energy powerhouse” but by being the safest, most supportive place to live, start a new business and raise a family. Maybe this way, top tech companies will abandon the United States and set up shop in Nova Scotia. These new tools make it faster to compare returns on investment in such a way that helps avoid unnecessary risk.